The residential electricity consumption (REC) has increased by 50 times since 1971 and now forms about a quarter of India’s total electricity consumption, up from about 4% in 1971. It is expected to grow further due to rapid electrification, increasing household incomes, and technology development. A better understanding of REC patterns and the factors affecting it is essential for designing effective and credible energy efficiency programs, optimized planning of capacity addition, and better adapting to the rapidly changing business models and technologies in the Power sector. In this report, we provide an overview of the current understanding of REC in India by analysing data from various sources like census, surveys, and distribution companies (DISCOM) and reviewing the available literature on the topic.